The subject of this final work is to present the legal institute of termination of employment contract. At the very beginning of the work, the complexity of the manner of termination of the employment contract is determined, as well as the effects, obligations and consequences for the contracting parties (employer and employee). After that, two types of contract termination are described, and the key facts for regular and extraordinary termination of employment contract are presented. The reasons for the termination of the employment contract by the employer as well as the dismissal by the employee are being worked out. The emphasis in further work is on the agreement on termination of the employment contract and the specifics of termination with the offer of an amended contract. Then, examples from court practice related to illegal termination od employment contracts are processed. Furthermore, the characteristics of the notice period are emphasized, which must be observed in case of regular dismissal, while the termination of the employment contract by extraordinary dismissal does not exist, but occurs by delivering the decision on dismissal to the other party. In addition, it is stated who and when is legally entitled to severance pay and what are the characteristics of the notice period. Considering that from ancient times until today, the worker is still a weaker contracting party in the employment relationship, it describes in detail how to protect a worker from the employer through the courts. Consequently, if there is a dispute from the employment relationship, it is worked out to whom and under what conditions the burden of proof passes.